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Topic:
Mass Incarceration of nations
Please read and summarize Reading # 15 The Mass Incarceration of Nation and the Global War on Drugs: Comparing U. S. Domestic and Foreign Drug Policies from the book Otu, N. (2020) Criminal Justice Policy Issues (Preliminary Ed.) San Deigo, Cognella. ISBN 9781516597796

Know why and the impact of drug war on correction system.
Understand why national securiety agencies must work in partnership with other public and private agencies in preventing drug trafficking.

read the entire chapter and summarize it. You may use journals and newspaper articles on issues pertaining to this week’s reading to have more facts/points.
Identify and discuss major points/issues in the article that you have read. Students are required to: (1) give complete references for each article cited and (2) use examples from your class text/reading.

Please cite the reading and other sources Help write my thesis – APA style. Make sure to correctly cite the Reading from Otu, N. (2020) Criminal Justice Policy Issues (Preliminary Ed.) book. Cite the author of the article and not the editor of the book
War on drugs was and still is a campaign that was adopted by the government to prohibit illegal trading of illegal drugs. The government is aided by a foreign military and some countries participating. Mass incarceration is sending a large number of people into prisons for felony and even minor offenses. It serves as a way of punishment and rehabilitation. The war on drugs was called in 1971 by president Richard Nixon. A tough-on-crime policy agenda was introduced which has been producing disastrous results up to date. The government has used around 1 trillion USD since then in war on drugs.
Every year, more people get arrested for offenses related to drugs. This includes adolescents (Nancy.cao., n.d.). The criminal justice system’s main focus is on drug crimes more than any other type of crime. Most of the taxpayer’s money is used up in prosecuting and jailing drug-related offenders. Implementing a policy is not usually expensive and neither is it free. Legislations enforced should not be evaluated by the cost or the sincerity in which they are implemented but how successful they are. The legislation on drug war implemented by president Nixon was based on the aim to improve society by reducing the harm caused by drugs.
Success on these drug policies should be measured by positive changes seen on the welfare of people as well as improvement of their health conditions and not by the number of arrests made and seizures nor the harshness offenders receive during punishments. The survey shows that the war on drugs has not been successful. The main tool used in fighting drugs is dependence on incarceration (Patten, D. 2016). Incarceration is used as a means to reduce recidivism, as rehabilitation and also acts as a deterrent. This tool is proven to be ineffective. It has failed to reduce recidivism, it does not offer meaningful rehabilitation and doesn’t deter future offenders.
Reports of the Global Commission On Drug Policy state that the detection risk, the legal status and prevention messages from the government have failed to encourage the use of drugs (Allen, R. 2009). Mostly Peer influence, fashion influence and economic and social influences have largely affected the use of drugs. The growth of incarcerated offenders has rapidly increased over time. The failure of deterring these drug offenders has led to financial straining on the corrections system. Incarcerating non-violent drug offenders has proven to be expensive and impacts negative consequences on the offenders.
The family of the drug offender is also affected. This is because when providing a unit of imprisonment to the offender, their social and financial stability is compromised. When a member of a family is incarcerated, more so a parent, children tend to repeat the same mistake and end up being incarcerated as well. Offenders face health issues such as AIDS while in prison. The effects of this disease and many others which are communicable are then translated in the homes and society in which the prisoner returns to once he/she is released.
Drug traffickers have continued to secure big profits by expanding their base of customers. The availability of synthetic drugs in the US like opioids creates space for drug usage and trafficking. They also purchase drugs easily though the dark web which is much cheaper and conceals identity by use of cryptocurrencies. Trafficking of these drugs is then done through express consignment shipment or internal mail. So many countries are involved in shipping in drugs into the US. These countries are such as Mexico which is well known for crack cocaine. This is why the US government needs these countries in aiding in the war on drugs.
The US domestic and foreign drug policies on the war on drugs have very similar characteristics (Patten, D. 2016). Incarceration is done everywhere to awaken the global war on drugs. The country like Colombia has been incarcerated by the US government for drug trafficking just like the US citizens have been incarcerated for drug charges. The US uses fumigation in Colombia where toxic chemicals are dispersed through aerial means over a plantation containing drug plants. These plants are such as cannabis and coca.
The US Drug Enforcement Administration is consistent with cooperation and coordination with the local, state, federal and foreign government in reducing the availability of illicit drugs in the US market. This is done through methods that don’t require enforcement such as crop substitution, crop eradication and offering training to foreign officials. The US foreign policy strategy is dominated by military defense. Both the US domestic and foreign drug policies use the military to search and seize the drug traffickers. The US has used the term “narcoterrorism” to justify the involvement of the military.
Generally, the war on drug policies in the US has been in existence for a long time. The federal, state and local governments have been in action to fight the drug issue. It has been a major concern since the number of drug users has been increasing over time. The most used strategy to fight drugs is the mass incarceration of drug-related offenders. It has not been very effective since the highest population in jail are people arrested from drug offenses. The domestic and foreign policies of the war on drugs have both focused on mass incarceration of individuals and nations at large such as Colombia. The US military is used in fighting the war on drugs in foreign nations. Fumigation is a foreign policy strategy used to fight drugs.

References
Nancy.cao. (n.d.). Drug Prevention Treatment and Care [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/drug-prevention-and-treatment/index.html
Patten, D. (2016). The mass incarceration of nations and the global war on drugs: Comparing the united states’ domestic and foreign drug policies. Social Justice, 85-105.
Bewley-Taylor, D., Hallam, C., & Allen, R. (2009). The incarceration of drug offenders: an overview.

Nursing homework help>proposal help
Research an economic opportunity that might be available within your health care setting that will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care.

Then, write a 2-page proposal for an initiative to take advantage of that opportunity, supported with economic data and an analysis of the prospective benefits.

Introduction

Note: Each assessment in this course builds upon the work you have completed in previous assessments. Therefore, you must complete the assessments in the order in which they are presented.

Master’s-level health care practitioners are charged with the responsibility of constantly scanning the external environment for shifts in the supply of, and demand for, services. Concurrently, leaders must examine their organization’s strategic direction and determine whether adjustments must be made to current service offerings, whether equipment updates are needed, whether staffing models should be changed, and whether other decisions must be made. Each decision that is proposed must be evaluated in terms of the organization as a system, alignment with the organization’s mission and strategy, available internal resources, potential contract and payer source implications, and the short- and long-term economic effects at both the micro and macro levels.

Preparation

Research an economic opportunity that might be available within your health care setting—at both micro (departmental, neighborhood) and macro (organizational, community) levels—that you believe will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care. Then, propose an initiative to take advantage of that opportunity. Support your proposal with economic data (sector growth, supply versus demand, cost versus reimbursement, et cetera) and an analysis of the prospective benefits for your department and for the organization overall.

Such economic opportunities might include offering a new service line, working to improve a service line already offered, retiring an outdated or unprofitable service line, or any other initiative you believe will be of benefit to your organization in the short and long term. One example is a recently launched partnership with a local bicycle-sharing company. Your organization partners with them to host healthy community events that offer free screenings for early detection of various health issues. Free screenings help fulfill some of your organization’s preventive and healthy lifestyle initiatives, while also potentially driving referrals to other services provided by your organization.

Instructions

The requirements for your proposal outlined below, correspond to the scoring guide criteria, so be sure to address each main point. Read the performance-level descriptions for each criterion to see how your work will be assessed. In addition, be sure to note the requirements for document forma, length, and supporting evidence.

· Explain why your proposed initiative presents a viable and beneficial economic opportunity for your organization.

. Describe your proposed service line or economic initiative.

. Explain why your proposal presents an economic opportunity at the micro level and macro level.

. Explain how your proposed initiative will provide ethical and culturally equitable improvements to the quality of care.

· Analyze the economic factors of supply and demand associated with your proposed initiative, within a context relevant to your organization or care setting.

. What do economic and demographic data suggest is the supply and demand?

. What additional information would improve your analysis?

· Explain how relevant economic and environmental data support your proposed initiative.

. How does the data illustrate a potential opportunity and the economic viability of your proposal?

· Homework help – Write concisely and directly, using active voice.

. Proofread your proposal before you submit it to minimize errors that could distract readers and make it more difficult for them to focus on the substance of your proposal.

· Support main points, assertions, arguments, conclusions, or recommendations with relevant and credible evidence.

· .

additional requirements

Your assessment should also meet the following requirements:

· Format: Format your proposal using current Help write my thesis – APA style.

. A title page and references page. An abstract is not required.

. A running head on all pages.

. Appropriate section headings.

· Length: Your proposal should be 2 pages in length, not including the title page and references page.

· Supporting evidence: Cite 3–5 authoritative and scholarly resources to support your proposal. Be sure that your sources include specific economic data..

Organizational Hacking
In this day and age, data breaches have increased in quantity and intensity. Therefore, it is essential that the security professional assess situations which could threaten the security of an organization’s intellectual property. Students will then gain the knowledge, tools, and resources to recognize and mitigate real time attacks.

Research a data breach, ransomware, or data exfiltration attack that has occurred within the last 6 months that successfully compromised an organization.

In 500-750 words, address the following:

1. Describe in detail how the attacker made the breach. Specifically, how was the attacker able to get in and out of the system? What was the threat vector?

2. Explain what the attacker did during the breach.

3. Describe the effects of the attack on the various stakeholders. Be sure to include non-technical elements of the entire corporation (e.g., public relations, marketing, and/or sales).

Prepare this assignment according to the guidelines found in the Help write my thesis – APA Style Guide, located in the Student Success Center. An abstract is not required.

This assignment uses a rubric. Please review the rubric prior to beginning the assignment to become familiar with the expectations for successful completion.

Organizational Hacking
Data breaches have significantly increased in the quantity and intensity thus negatively affecting organizations and businesses and there is a need to counter such a situation. Data breaches compromise the operations of organizations to the point of such organization recording failure. Therefore, security professionals need to arm themselves resources, tools and knowledge to counter data breach attacks to ensure that organizations can handle their operations and activities without being compromised. Adidas an athletic apparel firm is one organization that experienced data breach from third parties thus compromising the business and such attacks need to be prevented in the present and future.
2. Describe in detail how the attacker made the breach. Specifically, how was the attacker able to get in and out of the system? What was the threat vector?
Hackers adopt different techniques and process in getting access to a website and getting out. The hackers at the Adidas website used a combination of technique to get access to the system. In this case, the hackers used session management, broken authentication and social engineering attacks (Bohnsack and Liesner, 2019). The hackers in begin by establishing a password as the first step of cracking network security of an organization or a website. The hackers exploit the administrators or website users to enable them to gather vital information that enables them to exploit the website to gain the necessary credentials to illegally access the websites and the computer systems (Sandhya et al., 2017). The hacker being a third party gets an identity that enables them to access the access of a website in different capacities such as being a user, administrator and other related parties. This enables them to exploit the website such as gaining confidential files and information at the expense of legitimate users. This approach was used by hackers that gained access to the Adidas website and exploit it at the expense of the organization and the users.
2. Explain what the attacker did during the breach.
According to a press release from the Adidas, the hackers were in a position to gain access to critical and confidential data relating to some of their customers. The attack exposed the customers that used the addidas.com to access the services and make purchases from the apparel retailer (Sundar, 2015). Addidas noted that on June 26 noted the illegal access of some of the data of their customers and this attacked millions of the customers. The hackers were able to retrieve information on the customers’ encrypted password, contact information and their usernames. Additionally, Addidas was quick to note that the information on the customer’s credit card and their fitness was not accessed by the hackers. More so, the attack made Addidas lose four million dollars as the average cost of the data hack for e-commerce.
3. Describe the effects of the attack on the various stakeholders.
The data breach attack had adverse effects on a wide range of parties affecting their operations and wellbeing. In this regard, the customers were highly affected as their confidential information was accessed thus subjecting them to mental stress and torture (Gupta and Nene, 2016). The customers were in fear that their credit information could have been retrieved thus compromising their finances. Consequently, Addidas was affected as customers were in fear of transacting with them in fear of their confidential information being compromised thus making Adidas record low profit and revenue levels (Lee and Lee, 2015). Additionally, public relations and marketing departments faced a hard time in convincing customers to purchase their products.

References
Bohnsack, R., & Liesner, M. M. (2019). What the hack? A growth hacking taxonomy and practical applications for firms. Business Horizons.
Gupta, P., & Nene, M. J. (2016). CyberPsycho attacks: techniques, causes, effects and recommendations to end-users. International Journal of Computer Applications, 156(11).
Lee, M., & Lee, J. (2012). The impact of information security failure on customer behaviors: A study on a large-scale hacking incident on the internet. Information Systems Frontiers, 14(2), 375-393.
Sandhya, S., Purkayastha, S., Joshua, E., & Deep, A. (2017, January). Assessment of website security by penetration testing using Wireshark. In 2017 4th International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communication Systems (ICACCS) (pp. 1-4). IEEE.
Sundar, R. (2015). Parameters Considered by Consumers Shopping and Issues at Adidas Online Store: A Case Study.

American Correctional System
Homework help – Write a paper discussing any issue concerning the American correctional system such as the effect of indefinite sentencing prison overcrowding private prisons in america constitutional rights of prisoners adult versus juvenile correctional systems, issues concerning probation, parole or community corrections, effective prison programs , combating inmates’ idle time in prisons, juveniles housed in adult prison system , or technology in correctional systems and its future.

American Correctional System
A jail is where suspects are contained while waiting for a trial in court or sentencing. Most of the suspects in jail are considered innocent hence released. Those suspects found guilty and convicted are taken to prison. While in the institution, these convicted felons undergo reforms and punishments. In prisons, there are different security classifications from minimum, low, medium to high. They are offered to criminals according to the seriousness of their offenses and the possibility of hurting other inmates.
There is solitary confinement where inmates who are found to be violent and capable of causing harm to other inmates are confined (Kaeble, Glaze, Tsoutis, & Minton, 2016). It is meant to cut communications with others. An inmate can be incarcerated or put under community supervision. He/she can be put under community supervision after incarceration. During community supervision, which is part of the sentence, inmates could be in parole meaning they are conditionally released from prison, probation meaning they serve their term in prison and some of it under community supervision or recidivism where convicts go back to their criminal ways.
There are four functions of parole and probation which are, presentencing investigations, diagnosing and assessing the needs of inmates, supervising clients and other intake procedures. The risk of community victimization by offenders who have been released has increased over recent years. The main cause has been parole and sometimes probation. Several states have already started eliminating parole opportunity.it is believed if the inmates are reentered into the system instead of being given a parole opportunity, the insecurity would minimize.
The correctional system faces several challenges. For example, the population that includes women and persons with disabilities and mental health conditions and the people in community supervision is increasing. The facility is unable to deliver a good service due to the increase in population. Also, offering training, recruitments and retaining staff in the correctional system with adequate skills required is difficult. This can be addressed by technology which has shown great potential in making work easily and efficiently done (Harne, 2017).
Some of the applications found on devices especially those meant to give aid to the correctional system will help officers to supervise inmates in probation or parole better. It will also allow those inmates under supervision to get better access to programs and services. Some of these applications are such as telemedicine which would improve the inmates’ access to medication and video visitation which would improve visitation opportunities to the inmates and increases chances of getting better education while still in prison.
Every year, more people get arrested for offenses related to drugs. This includes adolescents (Nancy.cao., n.d.). The criminal justice system’s main focus is on drug crimes more than any other type of crime. Most of the taxpayer’s money is used up in prosecuting and jailing drug-related offenders. Implementing a policy is not usually expensive and neither is it free. Legislations enforced should not be evaluated by the cost or the sincerity in which they are implemented but how successful they are. The legislation on drug war implemented by president Nixon was based on the aim to improve society by reducing the harm caused by drugs.
Success on these drug policies should be measured by positive changes seen on the welfare of people as well as improvement of their health conditions and not by the number of arrests made and seizures nor the harshness offenders receive during punishments. The survey shows that the war on drugs has not been successful. The main tool used in fighting drugs is dependence on incarceration (Patten, D. 2016). Incarceration is used as a means to reduce recidivism, as rehabilitation and also acts as a deterrent. This tool is proven to be ineffective. It has failed to reduce recidivism, it does not offer meaningful rehabilitation and doesn’t deter future offenders.
Reports of the Global Commission On Drug Policy state that the detection risk, the legal status and prevention messages from the government have failed to encourage the use of drugs (Allen, R. 2009). Mostly Peer influence, fashion influence and economic and social influences have largely affected the use of drugs. The growth of incarcerated offenders has rapidly increased over time. The failure of deterring these drug offenders has led to financial straining on the corrections system. Incarcerating non-violent drug offenders has proven to be expensive and impacts negative consequences on the offenders.
The family of the drug offender is also affected. This is because when providing a unit of imprisonment to the offender, their social and financial stability is compromised. When a member of a family is incarcerated, more so a parent, children tend to repeat the same mistake and end up being incarcerated as well. Offenders face health issues such as AIDS while in prison. The effects of this disease and many others which are communicable are then translated in the homes and society in which the prisoner returns to once he/she is released.
Drug traffickers have continued to secure big profits by expanding their base of customers. The availability of synthetic drugs in the US like opioids creates space for drug usage and trafficking. They also purchase drugs easily though the dark web which is much cheaper and conceals identity by use of cryptocurrencies. Trafficking of these drugs is then done through express consignment shipment or internal mail. So many countries are involved in shipping in drugs into the US. These countries are such as Mexico which is well known for crack cocaine. This is why the US government needs these countries in aiding in the war on drugs.
The US domestic and foreign drug policies on the war on drugs have very similar characteristics (Patten, D. 2016). Incarceration is done everywhere to awaken the global war on drugs. The country like Colombia has been incarcerated by the US government for drug trafficking just like the US citizens have been incarcerated for drug charges. The US uses fumigation in Colombia where toxic chemicals are dispersed through aerial means over a plantation containing drug plants. These plants are such as cannabis and coca.
The US Drug Enforcement Administration is consistent with cooperation and coordination with the local, state, federal and foreign governments in reducing the availability of illicit drugs in the US market. This is done through methods that don’t require enforcement such as crop substitution, crop eradication and offering training to foreign officials. The US foreign policy strategy is dominated by military defense. Both the US domestic and foreign drug policies use the military to search and seize the drug traffickers. The US has used the term “narcoterrorism” to justify the involvement of the military.
People adjust differently to prison life. There are different adaptation patterns and the implications they make in an inmate’s life quality. The inmates’ adaptations are influenced by the prison environment (deprivation theory) and their pre-prison characteristics (importation theory) (Wood, 2011). The theory of importation implies that the behavior of the inmates is geared by their experiences, beliefs and pre-institutional characteristics while the theory of deprivation implies that the illicit or prosocial behavior of the inmates is a reflection of how the inmate is coping with the prison environment through personal choices or social activities.
Different inmates have a different degree of adaptations which can be observed at different times and situations. Spending more time in prison creates room for exposure of inmates to “inmates code”. In a correctional environment, adaptation levels dictate how inmates occupy their time. Inmates have schedules and routines to follow which are controlled by the justice system and administration. The justice system makes decisions about the inmate’s release dates and the administration makes and enforces daily routines and schedules.
The inmates’ behavior in a correctional facility such as assault, drugs/alcohol violations, and general rule violations is determined by their prior record, their association with antisocial peers, drug usage before their incarceration, mental health issues or inmates posing a greater security risk. Also, inmates who have served a longer period in jail could be a cause of misconduct. Different types of correctional environments have different sources of rule violations. Again, due to overpopulation in jails, correctional staff have a difficult time in managing these facilities.
Throughout the united states, thousands of juveniles are convicted among adults in adult correctional facilities. These juveniles are in the stages of growing emotionally, physically and psychologically. They are exposed to so much danger by the adult inmates and the correctional staff who have no skills in handling the juveniles. The juveniles are also denied opportunities to access rehabilitative programs and educational services. Adults pose threats to juveniles such as physical and sexual assault. This causes a long term effect on them. They become targets within the first forty-eight hours of their imprisonment.
Generally, juveniles convicted with adults in adult correctional facilities have recorded a higher number of suicides than the adults. While convicted there, they lack access to services that are critical to their continuous growth and development. They are most vulnerable to criminal socialization. The war on drug policies in the US has been in existence for a long time. The federal, state and local governments have been in action to fight the drug issue. It has been a major concern since the number of drug users has been increasing over time. The most used strategy to fight drugs is the mass incarceration of drug-related offenders.
It has not been very effective since the highest population in jail are people arrested from drug offenses. The domestic and foreign policies of the war on drugs have both focused on mass incarceration of individuals and nations at large such as Colombia. The US military is used in fighting the war on drugs in foreign nations. Fumigation is a foreign policy strategy used to fight drugs. Juvenile facilities should be able to provide appropriate healthcare for their development, programming and rehabilitative services. The staff members in juvenile facilities should receive special training. Counseling should also be offered to juveniles to help them in their personal and general growth.

References
Kaeble, D., Glaze, L., Tsoutis, A., & Minton, T. (2016). Correctional populations in the United States, 2014. Bureau of Justice Statistics, 1-19.
Harne, J. (2017). Identifying Technology Needs and Innovations to Advance Corrections. NIJ Journal, (278).
Nancy.cao. (n.d.). Drug Prevention Treatment and Care [Video file]. Retrieved from https://www.unodc.org/unodc/en/drug-prevention-and-treatment/index.html
Patten, D. (2016). The mass incarceration of nations and the global war on drugs: Comparing the united states’ domestic and foreign drug policies. Social Justice, 85-105.
Bewley-Taylor, D., Hallam, C., & Allen, R. (2009). The incarceration of drug offenders: an overview.
Wood, A. (2011). Cruel and unusual punishment: Confining juveniles with adults after Graham and Miller. Emory LJ, 61, 1445.

Law
Advise Jim and Neal, the farmer and the store owners as to what you think will happen.

You must read the following case study and provide and advice to the person requesting the information. You will need to identify all of the legal elements to the case, provide advice about what you think each party should do and come to a conclusion about what the outcome will be.
Marks 10
Spelling and Grammar 1
Identifying legal elements 3
Content/argument 5
Decision on outcome 1
Case Study
Jim was a well-known business man in Kamloops. He recently retired from his job and decided he wanted to start a business with his neighbour. Jim had a sweet tooth and decided to start an ice cream distribution company. Jim’s neighbour, Neal, had a connection with a local farmer who produced his own ice cream and several other farmers in the area who were also producing ice cream. Neal did not really have any money as he has never been good a managing cash. Jim was going to fund the operation and Neal was going to make the connections with the farmers.
The plan was to take all of these small farmers and act as an intermediary between the farmers and retailers. Once they has set up contracts on behalf of the farmers they would then deliver the ice cream.
Their idea was a huge success and within two months they had 15 farmers who wanted to distribute their products through Jim and Neal’s business. Neal was very excited as he had never been good at business and this was the first time he felt successful. In his excitement Neal told all of the farmers that the store owners wanted triple the amount of ice cream next month.
Jim had actually been dealing with all of the orders for the stores and it turned out that only one store wanted extra ice cream next month and they only wanted the extra from one farmer not all of them. When Neal went to do the pick-ups and deliveries for the next month all of the farmers provided him with the extra ice cream he had told them the stores wanted. On the way to drop off the ice cream Jim though they had extra ice cream as the truck looked really full however he did not say anything.
When they arrived at the stores, all of the stores except one refuse to take the extra ice cream. Jim became quite worried about the extra ice cream and told Neal to take it back to all of the farms. When he tried to return the ice cream all of the farms refused to take it back. They all said Neal had made the mistake and it was his responsibility to deal with the ice cream.
Since Jim and Neal did not have the facility to store the ice cream most of it went bad before they were able to deal with it. The famers are now demanding payment for the ice cream and will not give Jim and Neal any further ice cream until they get paid. The stores have also started calling Jim and Neal asking where the ice cream is as they are in the busy part of the summer and do not have any ice cream.
Law
The misinformation and misrepresentation of facts in the contract have adversely affected the running of the business as well as to the parties involved. In this case, Neal requested the farmers to increase their ice-cream quantity to triple in the following month as the store owners had requested the same. However, only one store had requested the addition of an extra. Upon all the farmers supplying one extra ice cream, only one store owner accepted ice cream and thus Jim and Jean were left extra ice cream. The farmers refused to receive the extra cream from Jim and Jean who had no storage for the ice cream. The ice cream ends up being bad and the farmers demanded the payment of the spoil ice cream.
In handling the case, it is clear that the contract to supply extra ice cream was made entered out of misrepresentation of facts and thus every party need to play their obligation. First, Jim and Jean need to realize that the contract to supply extra ice cream was as a result of their mistake. Therefore, Jin and Jean need to commit to paying even for the spoilt ice cream to ensure that all parties are satisfied.
The farmers need to realize that the contract to supply extra ice cream was based on wrong information and should work on reducing their ice cream supply. The farmers need to maintain the previous supply of milk to ensure that Jim and Jean are not overburdened with excess milk.
Additionally, the shop owners need to maintain their demand for milk and request for extra ice cream when the demand increases. The shop owners need to make changes in their ice cream demand in advance to Jim and Jean to ensure they give them time to adjust and advice the farmers accordingly.
In conclusion, the contract to increase the ice cream supply to store owners was based on false information should be collected. Jim and Jean need to pay for the spoilt ice cream to ensure their business continues to runs effectively.

Case Study
Advise Jim and Neal, the farmer and the store owners as to what you think will happen.

You must read the following case study and provide and advice to the person requesting the information. You will need to identify all of the legal elements to the case, provide advice about what you think each party should do and come to a conclusion about what the outcome will be.
Marks 10
Spelling and Grammar 1
Identifying legal elements 3
Content/argument 5
Decision on outcome 1
Case Study
Jim was a well-known business man in Kamloops. He recently retired from his job and decided he wanted to start a business with his neighbour. Jim had a sweet tooth and decided to start an ice cream distribution company. Jim’s neighbour, Neal, had a connection with a local farmer who produced his own ice cream and several other farmers in the area who were also producing ice cream. Neal did not really have any money as he has never been good a managing cash. Jim was going to fund the operation and Neal was going to make the connections with the farmers.
The plan was to take all of these small farmers and act as an intermediary between the farmers and retailers. Once they has set up contracts on behalf of the farmers they would then deliver the ice cream.
Their idea was a huge success and within two months they had 15 farmers who wanted to distribute their products through Jim and Neal’s business. Neal was very excited as he had never been good at business and this was the first time he felt successful. In his excitement Neal told all of the farmers that the store owners wanted triple the amount of ice cream next month.
Jim had actually been dealing with all of the orders for the stores and it turned out that only one store wanted extra ice cream next month and they only wanted the extra from one farmer not all of them. When Neal went to do the pick-ups and deliveries for the next month all of the farmers provided him with the extra ice cream he had told them the stores wanted. On the way to drop off the ice cream Jim though they had extra ice cream as the truck looked really full however he did not say anything.
When they arrived at the stores, all of the stores except one refuse to take the extra ice cream. Jim became quite worried about the extra ice cream and told Neal to take it back to all of the farms. When he tried to return the ice cream all of the farms refused to take it back. They all said Neal had made the mistake and it was his responsibility to deal with the ice cream.
Since Jim and Neal did not have the facility to store the ice cream most of it went bad before they were able to deal with it. The famers are now demanding payment for the ice cream and will not give Jim and Neal any further ice cream until they get paid. The stores have also started calling Jim and Neal asking where the ice cream is as they are in the busy part of the summer and do not have any ice cream.

Case Study
In the formation of the business, Jim and Neal had a partnership agreement whereby Jim was funding the operation while Neal was to make the connection with farmers ensuring that their business acted as an intermediary between the small scale farmers and retailers. However, in the process of the business, Neal who was excited about the success of the business requested farmers to triple their ice-creams supply resulting without consulting with his partners or the stores. Only one store accepted the extra ice cream, which left the business with extra ice cream that went bad after farmers refused to take back. The breach of contract between business partners is the main idea that is identified in the case study since Neal did not consult with Jim upon ordering extra ice cream from framers. Despite lack of consultation, Neal makes the decision based on one store request of extra ice cream assuming that other stores will also accept the extra ice cream. With farmers having refused to supply ice cream to Jim and Neal’s business due to pending payment of the extra ice cream supplied, and with the high demand of ice cream by stores due to the busy part of the summer, the two partners have to find a quick solution to salvage their business.
The recommended settlement between the partners would be for Neal to take full responsibility for losses incurred in extra ice cream that went bad. The settlement s base on the fact that the decision to request extra ice cream from farmers was made only be Neal, which does not give the possibility of splitting the losses incurred between the two partners. Jim and Neal’s business can negotiate with stores to pay in advance giving them enough money to pay settle the farmers’ pending payments and get supplied with ice cream (Huntington, 2019). However, the agreement that would see Neal refund the damage in an installment way would ensure the business remains operational and the partnership between the two intact.
References
Huntington, M. (2019). Breach of Partnership Agreement. AZ Central. Retrieved from https://yourbusiness.azcentral.com/breach-partnership-agreement-24472.html

Need to answer the 5 questions each question needs to cite one source and be at least 4 paragraphs per question- keep simple
Q1. Why is age an disability discrimination still around after all these year?
Q2. Who has greatest case of age and disability discrimination males or females and why?
Q3 Give an example of a recent age and disability discrimination case in the media
Q4. What is Title VII in regard to age and disability discrimination?
Q5. Are exempt or highly compensated individual exempt from age discrimination?
—

Age / Disability Discrimination
Name
Institution

Q1. Why is age and disability discrimination still around after all these years?
In society, the issue of age and disability discrimination has always been a bone of contention. Despite numerous efforts, by legislators and human rights activists, to curb this worrying act over the years, not much has changed. This can either be as a result of poor implementation on the legislators part or the society’s lack of empathy towards these two groups often looked down on as nothing.
Age discrimination is still relevant in society today as a result of the argument that older people have already had their fair share of the good life thus should step aside for the youth. Meanwhile, the main reason for disability discrimination is that the disabled are not capable of utilizing and maximizing resources like their non-disabled counterparts; thus, they should not receive similar benefits (Francis, 2009).
Members of these two protected classes are usually viewed as liabilities by society. This is because, on top of the previously stated beliefs, they cannot produce the desired optimum results consistently due to their physical limitations. As a result, they do not contribute as much to the economy and social wellbeing of the community around them. Given that they are also not able to change their limitations, their plea of being considered as equals fall on deaf ears.
It should be noted that humans were created with survival instincts which tend to influence one to become selfish by nature. Humans prefer relationships that yield more benefits for them or equal benefits for both parties. This survival instinct, therefore, taints the society’s perception towards the elderly and disabled who cannot meet these high standards required of them. The economic aspect is what makes age and disability discrimination a hard obstacle to overcome.
Q2. Who has the greatest case of age and disability discrimination, males or females and why?
Even though both men and women age over time and both are equally susceptible of becoming disabled, the effect of gender discrimination cannot be downplayed. There are more cases of age and disability discrimination for women than men. The society is more lenient when it comes to men but harsh on women. This can be attributed to the fact that women are already disadvantaged in a system that continuously frustrates the fight for women equality.
Elderly women and women living with disability face what is known as double discrimination. This is especially rampant in developing countries. Discrimination for these women can be so bad to the point that they lack access to good healthcare, education and employment. Women with disability face social stigmatization. This affects them and in some cases, leads to their families abandoning them. More so, women with disability are more likely victims of violence as a result of the stigma they receive (Salthouse, 2018).
Based on research conducted in 2017 on over 40,000 applicants in the United States, there was robust evidence of age discrimination in hiring against older women (Newmark, 2017). When compared to the considerably less evidence found when it comes to their male counterparts, it is fair to note that older women have it rough when it comes to employment opportunities and treatment.
By facing economic inequities through reduced chances of getting employed, older women become dependent on society to take care of them, which rarely happens. Healthcare also becomes an issue with older women less likely of receiving proper treatment during menopause among other conditions that come with old age for women.
Q3. Give an example of a recent age and disability discrimination case in the media
A Wal-Mart Stores Inc. unit in Texas agreed to pay $150,000 and provide to settle an age and disability discrimination lawsuit to David Moorman (EOCC, 2015). Mr Moorman filed his complaint against Wal-Mart Inc. to the U.S. Equal Employment Opportunity Commission. The EOCC’s mandate is to enforce federal laws prohibiting employment discrimination. They charged Wal-Mart, on behalf of Moorman, for age discrimination as Moorman was subjected to harassment, unfair treatment and discharge due to his advanced age. Wal-Mart had also refused to provide him with reasonable accommodation given his disability.
Wal-Mart was found to be in breach of the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA) on two accounts. Moorman, who was 54 at the time, was fired as a result of his old age violating ADEA which prohibits discrimination based on age 40 or older. Furthermore, ridicule from his direct supervisor due to old age violates ADEA’s stance on age-based harassment.
Wal-Mart also breached the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) by denying Moorman’s requests as a result of being diagnosed with diabetes. Moorman had requested to be reassigned to work as a co-manager or assistant manager due to his disability. Wal-Mart rejected the request without taking time to discuss it with him despite their obligation under ADA.
Given that most companies are focused on staying afloat, ahead of the competition while keeping stakeholders happy, profitability is usually the main goal. As such, top management is faced with the task of making hard decisions from time to time. These hard decisions result in age and disability discrimination where the employees advanced in age and with disabilities are targeted for layoffs and retrenchments. This is the case for Wal-Mart as they stated that Moorman’s dismissal was down to job performance issues despite the evidence of discrimination in play.
Q4. What is Title VII regarding age and disability discrimination?
Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964 is one of several federal laws that prohibit workplace discrimination (Justia, 2018). It was introduced to help level the playing field for job applicants and employees. It seeks to make sure that job applicants are chosen based on their capabilities rather than based on their color, religion, gender or national origin. Meanwhile, for existing employees, it seeks to fight for equality in compensation, assignment, benefits, resource allocation and firing. Title VII, however, applies to employers that 15 or more employees.
As broad and transformative as it is, Title VII failed to include prohibitions regarding age and disability discrimination. The main protected classes it touches on are five; race, color, religion, sex and national origin. As such, there arose the need to have laws that cater to the elderly and individuals living with a disability.
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), the Age Discrimination in Employment Act (ADEA), and the Genetic Information Nondiscrimination Act (GINA) were drafted and passed to fill the gap left open by Title VII in the fight against workplace discrimination. Currently, the ADA and ADEA have provided prohibitions and regulations that have allowed elderly employees and employees who are living with disability to receive justice through EOCC. ADA and ADEA have also assisted these two protected classes in fighting discrimination outside the workplace.
The main challenge facing Title VII, ADA and ADEA remain in the implementation stage. Despite organizations agreeing to follow and uphold these laws in their operations, employees with a disability or advanced in age are still being discriminated against. Most prevalent cases are of those who are unemployed and are looking for jobs.
Q5. Are exempt or highly compensated individuals exempt from age discrimination?
A highly compensated employee is an individual who owns more than 5% of the interest in the business at any time during the year or the preceding year. He/she can also be described as an individual who received compensation from the business of more than $125,000. If the employer chooses, this is an individual in the top 20% compensation list (IRS, 2019).
Age discrimination might be lenient on such an individual, but there is no way he/she is exempt. Given that a highly compensated individual is not necessarily supposed to be in top management or be on the organization’s board, the basic discrimination rules that apply to all employees befall him/her too. Highly compensated individuals are sometimes middle-level managers. The case of David Moorman vs Wal-Mart, therefore, highlights that this group is not exempt.
Age discrimination, as stated before, is widely fought, but it is still far from being defeated. As long as companies favor profits over all else and the working environment keeps on changing, the older employees will find it hard to keep their jobs. Technology has brought dynamic changes that work against the older generation. The older unemployed workforce is finding it hard to be considered for jobs, given that they are not deemed computer savvy enough.
In conclusion, ADA and ADEA are ensuring employee rights are observed outside the scope of only race, gender, religion and color. Previously sidelined groups such as the disabled and elderly are now able to sue and get justice for being discriminated in the workplace. This is a step in the right direction regarding age and disability discrimination being abolished in the society at large.
References
Francis, Leslie Pickering and Silvers, Anita (2009) “Bringing Age Discrimination and Disability Discrimination Together: Too Few Intersections, Too Many Interstices,” Marquette Elder’s Advisor: Vol. 11: Iss. 1, Article 8. Available at: http://scholarship.law.marquette.edu/elders/vol11/iss1/8
Salthouse, S. (2018). Women with disability are facing both discrimination and gender inequality. Retrieved 2 December 2019, from https://www.sbs.com.au/topics/life/culture/article/2018/12/03/women-disability-are-facing-both-discrimination-and-gender-inequality
Neumark, D., Burn, I., & Button, P. (2017). Is It Harder for Older Workers to Find Jobs? New and Improved Evidence from a Field Experiment. Journal Of Political Economy, 127(2). doi: 10.1086/701029
EEOC. (2015).Wal-Mart to Pay $150,000 to Settle EEOC Age and Disability Discrimination Suit. Retrieved 2 December 2019, from https://www.eeoc.gov/eeoc/newsroom/release/2-19-15.cfm
Justia. (2018). What Employees Need to Know About Title VII of the Civil Rights Act | Justia. Retrieved 2 December 2019, from https://www.justia.com/employment/employment-discrimination/title-vii/
IRS. (2019). Retirement Plans | Internal Revenue Service. Retrieved 2 December 2019, from https://www.irs.gov/retirement-plans/plan-participant-employee/definitions

Role of the CIO:
____________
Must include references in the paper from below:
• Broadbent, M., & Kitzis, E. (2005). The new CIO leader: Setting the agenda and delivering results. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
• Hunter, R., & Westerman, G. (2009). The real business of IT: How CIOs create and communicate business value. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press.
• Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. (2006). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
__________________

For your final paper in this course, write a 5-7 page paper in which you discuss your understanding of the role of the CIO as framed by the lessons you have learned in this class. In your paper, discuss your comprehensive understanding of the operational framework of the CIO. How, specifically, does a CIO translate organizational and technology strategy into action? What lessons have you learned in this—and in this program—that help you to execute this transition?
Your paper should consider and incorporate each of the topics we have discussed in this course (Enterprise Architecture; CIO Leadership, Big Data and outsourcing; social, legal, and ethical issues; communications and selling business value).
Your paper will be graded on the quality of your:
• Definition the regulatory, cultural, and societal restrictions that comprise the context for the CIO.
• Assignment help – Discussion of your personal perspectives about how these contexts inform the ways in which a CIO creates, communicates, and sustains value for the organization.
• Explanation of how the CIO can use the course framework to make organizational IT and strategy decisions.
• You should demonstrate an expert ability to communicate about role of the CIO, your own perspectives on this role, and the impact on IT and organizational decision-making. Your analysis is thorough and well‐written.

Role of the CIO
The CIO in today’s world has assumed the role of the most senior technology executive within organizations. Basically, they run the information technology activities and change how those processes are executed. Through shaping the technological strategy within a firm, the CIO is able to perform actions that give leverage to enhancing business processes. For a CIO’s strategy to be effective, they first have to create a foundation for execution, which is the IT infrastructure and business processes automating a company’s core capabilities (Ross et al. 2006). Once a CIO is able to digitize company activities, they can take advantage of the opportunity offered by the foundation for execution to translate strategies crucial to business continuity. The foundation for execution gives the CIO the enhanced ability to improvise, innovate, and react to informed decisions. The role of the CIO is challenged by cultural, societal and regulatory constraints which can be overcome if the CIO can react to big data and outsourcing, employ proper leadership, create a relevant enterprise architecture, observes social, ethical and legal issues, improve on communication and sell the business value to stakeholders.
Regulatory, cultural, and societal restrictions compromise the context for the CIO as these constraints have proven to be an ever-expanding concern. Compliance laws are ever-changing and it is up to the CIO to determine what is legal and illegal within the workplace. An unsettling challenge is that these compliance laws are ever being modified and the scrutiny within data-driven organizations can limit the freedom of the CIO. As the federal government extends its reach to organizations, CIOs have to stop considering business value only and consider the legality of their practice. These laws demand that the IT departments establish controls, observe protocols, identify risks, and asses their compliance. With big data tasks, there is the need to observe data retention to ensure that only legal actions are performed within such data. CIOs need to decide which data should be retained in their databases and what actions should be performed within datasets containing critical consumer information. The issue of privacy and confidentiality is one that keeps CIOs on their toes to refrain from litigation of their organisations.
Cultural restrictions refer to the workforce within the organisation that are supposed to back up the notions of the CIO. Sometimes, people are against change, and especially when it is complex and hard to understand. It is therefore important to asses an organisation for the capability to change and willingness to adapt to an idea. In negative environments, workers may not be willing to support the CIO since they fail to understand the essence of technology. In such cases, a CIO may have challenges implementing the appropriate ideas that are supposed to generate business value. The CIO and IT teams, therefore, have a task to play to ensure that the organisation transforms into a culture that embraces change and innovations. Through proper communication and observing ethical and social issues, it is possible to realise change.
Societal restrictions are often faced when a CIO has low social intelligence. This means that the CIO can connect with the business leaders and the IT team to deliver the needs of the organisation. To achieve social intelligence, CIOs are expected to communicate in business-relevant languages, exhibit interpersonal skills, show overconfidence in their decisions, and communicate IT priorities. Through achieving these elements they are able to win over the business leaders and fellow IT members. Moreover, CIOs are expected to act as business leaders rather than functional leaders focused on IT. They need to remind the members of their purpose and the bigger picture of attaining their business goals.
When it comes to enterprise architecture, it is the logic behind organising IT infrastructure and business processes. The combination of these two elements gives the CIO the ability to plan on a long term basis the integration of the IT infrastructure with organisational strategy. The IT infrastructure is standardised and customised to fit the business needs and capabilities of an organisation. The CIO sees the enterprise architecture design through four stages to create an appropriate model. These stages include Business Modularity, Business Silos, Optimized Core and Standardized Technology (Ross, 2006). As the CIO takes the organisation through these stages, he/she gets a better chance to increase the strategic importance of the organisation. Enterprise architectures enable the CIO to gain and give a holistic view of company processes to create added value.
CIO leadership is more about leading than managing as much as both roles complement each other. While in other departments, top executives are expected to manage their team, the CIO is expected to perform actions that exhibit leadership. For CIOs to effectively translate organisational and technology goals, they must lead their team by influencing them in a manner that changes their attitude, expertise, and decision making. If at all the CIO is to transform the capabilities f an organisation using the IT infrastructure, then the team associated with his/her department need to learn from example. CIOs are also expected to lead with their business colleagues to determine the requirements expected by top management and then reflect it within the enterprise structure. With these two strategies of leadership,
For some CIOs, they need to work with large scale data-driven organisations where they have to handle large datasets. Working in such an organisation is not an easy task as CIOs need to develop an environment to execute analysis for insights (Rijmenam, 2019). In such case, the CIO is required to get competent and qualified personnel who understand the intricacies of data analysis. With the right environment and personnel, it is possible to co-create and gain insights from the raw data. Big data strategies will, therefore, call for the CIO to outsource workforce to get the right candidates to perform the tasks with. Outsourcing is getting help from outside since the inside of the organisation cannot achieve some of the tasks. It is up to the CIO to decide when it is necessary to get additional help.
CIOs need to be socially active to the point where they engage with colleagues to learn of the business and IT trends that give an upper hand to articulating IT guidelines. Through the constant interaction with fellow executives and CIOs, the experience of the organisation’s CIO will improve, and they will make better choices for translating organisational and technology strategies. Moreover, CIOs should observe legal issues by creating clear and appropriate IT governance. This gives the IT infrastructure the trust and credibility it requires. Ethical issues mean that CIOs can observe compliance standards and rules and ensure that the team working in their department is aware of the possible risks that would emanate from possible misconduct or attempt to sabotage the information system. CIOs have a task of ensuring that the tasks they carry out are for the benefit of the organisation and ethically fair.
Communication is relevant to the process of translating organisational and IT strategies to meet the goals of an organisation. First of all, CIOs should learn to communicate in business relevant languages and not IT-relevant languages only. The ability to cut across both disciplines allows a CIO to improve their competence where they can contribute during meetings held by stakeholders (Hunter, 2009). That way, CIOs can communicate with stakeholders in a manner that addresses their business interests and proves that the changes by the CIO department are necessary and valuable. Communication techniques will also enable the CIO to shape and instruct team members on the intended IT infrastructure. Knowing how to communicate to employees ensures that they understand their objectives and are welcome to raise queries if there are any (Mitchelle, 2015). The CIO role encourages the art of decision making among players hence the need to create communication modes that are suitable to the organisation.
Selling business value is another task for the CIO that supports a company’s strategy to compete in the market. The CIO must weave in the operations of the IT department and Business departments instead of treating them as separate. Through this action, it is possible to manage a relevant IT portfolio that is designed to bring the success of an organisation as expected by the members (Broadbent, 2005). CIOs are also expected to demonstrate business value by helping leaders understand the contributions of IT to an organisation. These business values could be realised through the benefits IT has to offer in steering projects and seeing them through to the end (Suer, 2018). The advancements made by technology have helped the business world grow tremendously which means that CIOs should use this advantage to prove the benefits of IT in business. CIOs need to show how organisations can get a return on investments once they fund the necessary IT needs or support the decisions of the CIO. After all, the CIO is meant to pioneer the business success of an organisation through their decisions.
In conclusion, I view the role of the CIO as an ever-growing position that has many promises for the future to come. With the scope of activities that a CIO is supposed to manage and monitor, organisations are expected to flourish. This is because the integration of IT in business activities proves to give more returns on investments across all platforms. Working with both business departments and IT departments gives the CIO a more informed platform to make decisions that affect the business. Leaning towards one department more than the other could result in poor decision making. More organisations have been seen to adopt the CIO role into their C-Suite due to the need for informed technology decisions. I believe that enterprise architecture is essential to an organization and can be fruitful through the lead of a CIO and competent team as it focuses on capturing the business models into the IT infrastructure. With such a solid environment and the use of a CIO, there would be no reason to experience poor business. After all, informed technology insights are the future of business.

References
Broadbent, M., & Kitzis, E. (2005). The new CIO leader: Setting the agenda and delivering results. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press
Hunter, R., & Westerman, G. (2009). The real business of IT: How CIOs create and communicate business value. Boston, MA: Harvard Business Press
Rijmenam, M. (2019). How Big Data Will Take The Role of the CIO to the Next Level. Retrieved from https://datafloq.com/read/big-data-will-take-role-cio-next-level/42
Mitchelle, J. (2015). Staying The Course as a CIO: How to Overcome The Trials and Challenges of IT leadership. John and Wiley and Sons. Retrieved from https://books.google.com/books?id=uEnxBQAAQBAJ&pg=PA95&dq=CIO+outsourcing&hl=en&sa=X&ved=0ahUKEwjjwbqf5Z7mAhXOZFAKHS0HDxIQ6AEIZDAJ#v=onepage&q=CIO%20outsourcing&f=false
Ross, J. W., Weill, P., & Robertson, D. (2006). Enterprise architecture as strategy: Creating a foundation for business execution. Boston, MA: Harvard Business School Press.
Suer, M. (2018). The Adaptive CIO. Retrieved from https://www.cio.com/article/3276274/how-cios-prove-business-value.html

Virtual Teams
Assignment List Assignment 6:Accelerating Virtual Team Performance
Assignment 6:Accelerating Virtual Team Performance

Grade Details

Grade N/A
Gradebook Comments None
Assignment Details

Open Date Nov 18, 2019 12:05 AM
Graded? Yes
Points Possible 100.0
Resubmissions Allowed? Yes
Remaining Submissions 2
Attachments checked for originality? Yes
Assignment Instructions

Instructions:

Read assignment submission instructions on pages 4 to 5 of the course syllabus. Your essays will be graded on content to include grammar and spelling. While there is no end to what you might write you must convey your thoughts in essay of at least four to five pages excluding cover page and references section.

Assignment:

Respond to t he following questions in one essay. At least three to four paragraphs for each question with examples is expected.

Describe the term performance booster(s) and how it relates to a Virtual Teams
There are three accountability Questions discussed in Chapter six of our class text book, – Assignment help – Discuss each with example.
Submission Instructions:

Your completed essay must be submitted as an MS word attachment to this assignment no later than Sunday.

Assignments completed in a narrative essay or composition format must follow the citation style cited in the _ American Psychological Association (Help write my thesis – APA).Students are encouraged to read/understand the basics.

Virtual Teams
Performance boosters play a vital role in the course of handling virtual operations by the virtual teams to enhance effectiveness and efficiency in meeting in the course of conducting their responsibilities. On the other hand, accountability questions arise questioning the conduct of the virtual teams to question the operations of the virtual teams in meeting their goals and objectives. The performance booster is vital in addressing the accountability questions and issues raised to ensure the virtual teams operate and coordinate in meeting different goals and objectives.
Performance boosters
Performance boosters motivate the virtual teams in meeting their different goals and responsibilities. In absence of the performance boosters, virtual teams operate normally but upon their incorporation, in different work processes and procedures, they enhance effectiveness and efficiency in meeting different their purpose in the course of their engagement (Dube and Marnewick, 2016). The performance boosters are adopted by adopting different approaches and tasks concerning the virtual teams. First, coaching and support are performance boosts that ensure the uplifting of the team’s performance. The coaching is conducted to the remote and direct teams through different coaching methods that increase performances. The coaching methods include the on the spot training addressing the teams issues on the spot in the course of conducting their operations and ongoing training that entails a long term orientation of teams though constant observation and guidance. Additionally, enhancing team commitment to organization operations is a performance boost. The commitment of the team to their work is achieved through collaboration, consultations, inspirations and being rations. This approach ensures that workers are committed and to achieving the set goals and objectives.
Accountability Question
Accountability issues arise among the virtual teams in the course of operations to evaluate their actions and operations in meeting the virtual team’s purpose. The different accountability questions evaluate the means to prevent problems in the course of normal operations, getting back to normal operations after a disruption and the prevention of problems from happening in the future (Lepsinger and DeRosa, 2010). First, problems need to be prevented from affecting the normal operations of the virtual teams to ensure that all operations are run effectively towards meeting different goals and objectives. The prevention of the problem in such cases can be achieved through prevention building of relationships, development of efficient organizational structure, appropriate exchange of knowledge, and application appropriate leadership techniques and styles. For instance, the Management of the organizations needs to be operational by enhancing interaction between all members of a team to ensure that problems can be predicted and effective measures adopted in countering them.
The accountability question of getting back on track ensures that an organization is in a position to continue with its operations after a disruption. Disruptions fail the virtual teams to cooperate and operate normally in meeting different objectives (Rodriguez, 2013). In addressing the issues enhance the exchange of information among the different parties to increase the decision making to enhance the adoption of different fallback plans in the interest of resuming operations. For instance, regular meetings to enhance integration and interaction can be made to develop solutions to ensure the organization becomes operational after disruptions.
Additionally, an accountability question that arises is the prevention of problems and issues in the future. Problems in the future compromise the operations of the virtual teams thus preventing the meeting of goals and objectives (Lepsinger and DeRosa, 2010). Prevention of future problems can be adopted by conducting intensive research to predict future challenges and thus adopting the necessary policies and strategies to prevent disruptions in the future. For instance, the research can be conducted by interviewing experienced managers and evaluation trends thus enhancing the making of decisions to avert future problems.

References
Dube, S., & Marnewick, C. (2016). A conceptual model to improve performance in virtual teams. South African Journal of Information Management, 18(1), 1-10.
Lepsinger, R., & DeRosa, D. (2010). Virtual team success: A practical guide for working and leading from a distance. John Wiley & Sons.
Rodríguez-Castro, M. (2013). The project manager and virtual translation teams: Critical factors. Translation Spaces, 2(1), 37-62.

Psychology homework help>m8-p3
Competency

In this project, you will demonstrate your mastery of the following competency:

· Apply aspects of your learning experience in psychology to develop a professional mindset

Scenario

As you contemplate the best practices for thriving in a professional environment, your attitude and disposition will play a major role in how effectively you communicate with, collaborate with, and lead others. Soft skills are dispositional attributes that enable you to make decisions, solve problems, and sustain positive relationships within the workplace setting. By applying your unique dispositional skills to develop a positive professional mindset, you enhance the possibility of career opportunities, satisfaction, and success. When you think about the best ways to do well in a professional setting, your attitude and personality will have a big impact on how well you communicate, work with, and lead others. Soft skills are personality traits that give you the ability to make decisions, solve problems, and keep up good relationships at work. By using your unique personality traits to develop a positive professional attitude, you increase your chances of getting career opportunities, being happy at work, and being successful.

Directions

Using the learning from your Module Six Milestone assignment, you will apply aspects of emotional intelligence to specific soft skills in the workplace setting. In doing so, you will develop the dispositional attributes of your professional persona that will enable you to achieve success in the workplace.

1. Describe how dispositional attributes related to self-awareness influence the development of a professional mindset. Specifically include the following dispositional attributes:

· Honesty and integrity

· Positive attitude

· Self-confidence

· Growth mindset

2. Describe the ways in which your BA Psychology program experience has helped you to develop aspects of self-awareness that will enable you to adaptively manage change and thrive in a rapidly changing world.

3. Describe how dispositional attributes related to self-regulation influence the development of a professional mindset. Specifically include the following dispositional attributes:

· Adaptability

· Initiative

· Organization

· Self-motivation

4. Describe the ways in which your BA Psychology program experience has helped you to develop aspects of self-regulation that will enable you to adaptively manage change and thrive in a rapidly changing world.

5. Describe how dispositional attributes related to social awareness influence the development of a professional mindset. Specifically include the following dispositional attributes:

· Conflict resolution

· Teamwork

· Multicultural sensitivity

· Leadership

6. Describe the ways in which your BA Psychology program experience has helped you to develop aspects of social awareness that will enable you to adaptively manage change and thrive in a rapidly changing world.

All sources and ideas requiring attribution must be cited according to Help write my thesis – APA style.

What to Submit

To complete this project, you must submit the following:

Professional Persona Submit your 2- to 3-page professional persona as a Word document. Sources should be cited according to Help write my thesis – APA style.