Assignment help – Discussion Post:
FACTORS THAT INFLUENCE THE DEVELOPMENT OF PSYCHOPATHOLOGY
TO PREPARE:
Review this week’s Learning Resources, considering the many interacting factors that contribute to the development of psychopathology.
Consider how theoretical perspective on psychopathology impacts the work of the PMHNP.
POST:
Explain the biological (genetic and neuroscientific); psychological (behavioral and cognitive processes, emotional, developmental); and social, cultural, and interpersonal factors that influence the development of psychopathology. A minimum of 400 words written in Help write my thesis – APA format is required. Use subheadings to clarify which question is being answered.
Be sure to use at least 3 CURRENT (less than 5 years) Scholarly Resources. At least 2 of the provided classroom materials must be included, but will not count towards the total number of required resources. Please use FREE of access Articles and online books for the verification purposes.
REQUIRED READINGS
Boland, R. & Verduin, M. L. & Ruiz, P. (2022). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (12th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Chapter 32 “Normal Development and Aging”
Chapter 33, “Contributions from the Neurosciences”
Chapter 34, “Contributions from the Behavioral and Social Sciences”
Chapter 31 “Global and Cultural Issues in Psychiatry”
Chapter 35 “A Brief History of Psychiatry”
Butcher, J. N., & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Introduction to childhood and adolescent psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & P. C. Kendall (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Child and adolescent psychopathologyLinks to an external site.., Vol. 2. (pp. 3–14). American Psychological Association. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/waldenu.edu?u…
Cheung, F. M., & Mak, W. W. S. (2018). Sociocultural factors in psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & J. M. Hooley (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders., Vol. 1Links to an external site.. (pp. 127–147). American Psychological Association. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/waldenu.edu?u…
Jackson, C. E., & Milberg, W. P. (2018). Examination of neurological and neuropsychological features in psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & J. M. Hooley (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders., Vol. 1Links to an external site.. (pp. 65–90). American Psychological Association. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/waldenu.edu?u…
Masten, A. S., & Kalstabakken, A. W. (2018). Developmental perspectives on psychopathology in children and adolescents. In J. N. Butcher & P. C. Kendall (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Child and adolescent psychopathology., Vol. 2Links to an external site.. (pp. 15–36). American Psychological Association. https://go.openathens.net/redirector/waldenu.edu?u..
Biological Factors
Biology, including genetics and neuroscience, plays a significant role in psychopathology development. As Jackson and Milberg (2018) discussed, neurological examinations reveal frontal lobe deficits in conditions like schizophrenia and bipolar disorder. Genetics also contribute, with heritability estimates up to 80% for disorders like attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) (Boland et al., 2022). However, complete causality involves complex gene-environment interactions. Ultimately, biological vulnerability primes individuals to develop psychopathology when exposed to psychological and social stressors.
Psychological Factors
Various emotional, behavioral, cognitive, and developmental psychological processes shape disorder emergence. For example, Masten and Kalstabakken (2018) described how childhood adversity like maltreatment disrupts developmental tasks, increasing adult psychopathology risks. Trauma and loss in childhood also have profound impacts on emotional functioning (Butcher & Kendall, 2018). Furthermore, maladaptive thought patterns feature centrally in disorders like depression. As research continues elucidating psychological underpinnings across neurobiology, behavior, cognition, development, and affect, interventions can target specific mechanisms underlying psychopathology.
Social and Cultural Factors
Social and cultural contexts importantly influence disorder development. Cheung and Mak (2018) emphasized how cultural conceptions of normality and deviance determine manifestation. Culture also modulates risks, with acculturation stress enhancing propensities among immigrant groups. Additionally, societal inequalities related to gender, race, and socioeconomic status create disparities in exposure to adversity and resources to cope. Social dynamics like isolation or conflict can reduce social support critical for resilience. Ultimately environmental stressors intersect with biological and psychological vulnerabilities to shape pathways to pathology. Appreciating sociocultural embedding is thus essential for contextualizing psychopathology.
In summary, the emergence of mental disorders stems from multifaceted bio-psycho-social factors interacting through complex pathways over the lifespan. Integrating biological, psychological, and socio-cultural lenses is crucial for conceptualizing etiology. This biopsychosocial understanding of psychopathology underlies the work of psychiatric mental health nurse practitioners in comprehensive assessment, diagnosis and treatment.
References
Boland, R., Verduin, M. L., & Ruiz, P. (2022). Kaplan & Sadock’s synopsis of psychiatry (12th ed.). Wolters Kluwer.
Butcher, J. N., & Kendall, P. C. (2018). Introduction to childhood and adolescent psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & P. C. Kendall (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Child and adolescent psychopathology, Vol. 2. American Psychological Association.
Cheung, F. M., & Mak, W. W. S. (2018). Sociocultural factors in psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & J. M. Hooley (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders, Vol. 1. American Psychological Association.
Jackson, C. E., & Milberg, W. P. (2018). Examination of neurological and neuropsychological features in psychopathology. In J. N. Butcher & J. M. Hooley (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Psychopathology: Understanding, assessing, and treating adult mental disorders, Vol. 1. American Psychological Association.
Masten, A. S., & Kalstabakken, A. W. (2018). Developmental perspectives on psychopathology in children and adolescents. In J. N. Butcher & P. C. Kendall (Eds.), Help write my thesis – APA handbook of psychopathology: Child and adolescent psychopathology, Vol. 2. American Psychological Association.
