Dodson, J. A., Williams, M., Vemulapalli, S., Manandhar, P., Cohen, D., Blaum, C., …
& Hochman, J. (2017). Direct Home Discharge And Likelihood Of 30-Day Hospital Readmission After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (Tavr):
http://aggr.ukm.um.si/vufind/EDS/Search?lookfor=Manandhar, Pratik&type=AU 82%
https://med.nyu.edu/cgi-bin/pubs/displaypubs_ajax.cgi?AU=zhongh03&EXPORT=XML&SEL=T 82%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5586454/ 45%
https://www.acc.org/latest-in-cardiology/articles/2017/09/12/11/08/direct-home-discharge-and-readmission-30-days-after-tavr 45%
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/315327615_DIRECT_HOME_DISCHARGE_AND_LIKELIHOOD_OF_30-DAY_HOSPITAL_READMISSION_AFTER_TRANSCATHETER_AORTIC_VALVE_REPLACEMENT_TAVR_FINDINGS_FROM_THE_STSACC_TVT_REGISTRY 50%
& Hochman, J. (2017). Direct Home Discharge And Likelihood Of 30-Day Hospital Readmission After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (Tavr):
Findings From The Sts/Acc Tvt Registry. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 69(11 Supplement), 1233.
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https://med.nyu.edu/cgi-bin/pubs/displaypubs_ajax.cgi?AU=zhongh03&EXPORT=XML&SEL=T 67%
http://aggr.ukm.um.si/vufind/EDS/Search?lookfor=Manandhar, Pratik&type=AU 33%
Findings From The Sts/Acc Tvt Registry. Journal of the American College of Cardiology, 69(11 Supplement), 1233. Retrieved from: doi:http://dx.doi.org.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/10.1016/S0735-1097 (17)34622-3
ln this study, the authors’ purpose was to investigate the probability of readmission of patient after undergoing Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and being discharged within 30 days.
https://monkessays.com/write-my-essay/scai.org/Press/detail.aspx?cid=8c872fe1-e7b8-4290-b0d8-a8c4d2fbf743 36%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/30190065 36%
https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Marco_Barbanti 40%
ln this study, the authors’ purpose was to investigate the probability of readmission of patient after undergoing Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) and being discharged within 30 days. The authors used STS/ACC TVT Registry to carry out the investigation. The study compared between dispositions of discharge: direct home versus skilled nursing facility (SNG) and rates of readmission within 30 days in regard to patients’ case mix discharged to home compared to SNF. From the results, they found out that out of the out of the 18, 956 patients from 329 United States hospitals, those that were directly discharged add up to 69%, the rate of 30 day readmission was 18% and the relationship between 30 day readmission and direct home discharge was not significant, to mean it did not exist. Also according to the findings, adjusting risk did not change the results and also the region within the United States and the details of the procedure that patients underwent determined the direct home discharge, they further concluded that, by hospitals practicing direct discharge on patients who has undergone TAVR prevents the risk of patients being readmitted.
Bilchick, K., Moss, T., Welch, T., Levy, W., Stukenborg, G., Lawlor, B.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/entrez/query.fcgi?cmd=search&db=pubmed&term=Levy%20W[au]&dispmax=50 100%
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Bilchick, K., Moss, T., Welch, T., Levy, W., Stukenborg, G., Lawlor, B.
T., … & Kennedy, J. L. (2018). lmproving Heart Failure Readmission Costs and Outcomes With a Hospital-to-Home Readmission lntervention Program. American Journal of Medical Quality, 1062860618788436.S.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326505236_Improving_Heart_Failure_Readmission_Costs_and_Outcomes_With_a_Hospital-to-Home_Readmission_Intervention_Program 50%
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T., … & Kennedy, J. L. (2018). lmproving Heart Failure Readmission Costs and Outcomes With a Hospital-to-Home Readmission lntervention Program. American Journal of Medical Quality, 1062860618788436.S.
ln this study, the author main purpose was to assess if the Hospital to home (H2H) Program had an influence on Heart Failure related measures and outcomes, comprising of cost of health care, readmission, and mortality after Heart failure survived lndex hospitalization. The study was carried out at the University of Virginia. During the research period, patients who were admitted for Heart Failure and were later discharged were grouped to either usual care with standard or with H2H follow up.
For H2H, patients were expected to register in the H2H clinic within 7 days after they were discharged.
https://www.researchgate.net/publication/326505236_Improving_Heart_Failure_Readmission_Costs_and_Outcomes_With_a_Hospital-to-Home_Readmission_Intervention_Program 40%
For H2H, patients were expected to register in the H2H clinic within 7 days after they were discharged. The results indicated that, after index hospitalization within 30 days readmission days it reduced by 24% and readmission cost by 39%. Also, the comparison of H2H cohort 30-day mortality reduction versus usual care was 1.84%: 3.13%. The author further concluded that, H2H is effective on cost, there is a record of improved readmission days and cost as well as improved mortality rate over 30 days.
Stefan, M. S., Pekow, P. S., Nsa, W., Priya, A., Miller, L.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=Link&dbFrom=PubMed&from_uid=23733983 100%
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https://www.baystatehealth.org/education-research/research/research-centers/institute-for-healthcare-delivery-and-population-science/publications 100%
https://www.umass.edu/sphhs/sites/default/files/CV – Pekow – Nov. 2018.pdf 100%
https://ccm.pitt.edu/sites/default/files/calendar_event_articles/lindenauer_cv_0.pdf 100%
Stefan, M. S., Pekow, P. S., Nsa, W., Priya, A., Miller, L. E., Bratzler, D. W., … & Lindenauer, P. K. (2013).
Hospital performance measures and 30-day readmission rates. Journal of general internal medicine, 28(3), 377-385.Retrieved from: doi:http://dx.doi.org.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/10.1007/s11606-012-2229-8
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579957/ 46%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=Link&dbFrom=PubMed&from_uid=23733983 31%
Hospital performance measures and 30-day readmission rates. Journal of general internal medicine, 28(3), 377-385.Retrieved from: doi:http://dx.doi.org.contentproxy.phoenix.edu/10.1007/s11606-012-2229-8
ln this article, the authors main focus was to carry out investigation on the relationship that exist between hospital performance measures and the rate of 30- readmission of patients suffering from acute myocardial infarction (AMl), pneumonia, heart failure and undergoing major surgery. The authors used different methodologies to carry out their investigations;
for hospital performance measure, the records submitted to Hospital lnpatient Quality Reporting Program of January 1st 2007 to December 1st 2007 on quality of care on their patients and discharge was analyzed specifically on Appropriate Care Measure (ACM) and Overall Measure (OM) scores.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579957/ 25%
for hospital performance measure, the records submitted to Hospital lnpatient Quality Reporting Program of January 1st 2007 to December 1st 2007 on quality of care on their patients and discharge was analyzed specifically on Appropriate Care Measure (ACM) and Overall Measure (OM) scores. For readmission and prior admission rate, Medicare National claims history was used. From the different aspects that were analyzed, the medium Om scores were as follows, 79.4% for abdominal surgery, AMl 95.7%, and for Appropriate Care Measure (ACM) 87. 9% for AMl and 45.8% for abdominal surgery.
For pneumonia and orthopedic surgery the performance scores and readmission rates relationship was weak.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579957/ 43%
https://www.researchgate.net/scientific-contributions/58648464_Lauren_E_Miller 50%
For pneumonia and orthopedic surgery the performance scores and readmission rates relationship was weak.
For hospital performance measure on readmission rate, AMl and pneumonia scores were significant.
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3579957/ 67%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23070655 67%
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed?cmd=Link&dbFrom=PubMed&from_uid=23733983 50%
For hospital performance measure on readmission rate, AMl and pneumonia scores were significant. They concluded that, hospitals that recorded low levels of performance had a better 30-day readmission rates as compared to those with higher records.
Paper two There are three parts of non-probability sampling. Convenience Sampling- lt is a sampling method where a scholar makes use of population members who are readily available (Cunningham, 171). Judgmental Sampling- lt is sampling method where the sample members are chosen on the basis of the researcher’s knowledge or judgment (Elfil & Negida, 2017).
Snowball Sampling- lt is a sampling method where investigators ask the participants to assist them find and train other respondents for the research (Cunningham, 188). Convenience Sample According to Cunningham, Weathington & Pittenger, (2013), the type of nonprobability sampling which is most common is convenience sampling. This method, involves the selection of samples that are most available and familiar to the researcher. For example, friends to the researcher, shoppers at one neighborhood mall, or coworkers. lt is advantageous because data is collected from a well-known group which can saves time of trying to familiarize oneself with a new group, saves money, and effort. However, it is not easy to accurately to assess the representativeness of the sample. Also, this type of sampling research method decides who will be a potential member of a sample.
Judgmental or Purposive Sampling ln this method, the subjects are selected from researchers choice (Elfil & Negida, 2017.) This implies that, the samples are chosen solely based on researcher’s knowledge and credibility. When selecting the samples, the researcher rejects people who do not fit a particular profile. The advantage of this sampling method is that, the samples are chosen well by a researcher and it is relatively easy way of selecting samples. However, when choosing a sampling techniques, the quality of the sample results can be influenced by the preconceived notions of a researcher. Also, it could be a time-consuming process.
Snowball Sampling This sampling method involves the use of research participants to choose other potential research participants (Cunningham, Weathington & Pittenger, 2013). lt is a useful method increasing the number of study respondents, locating individuals of a specific population and for quickly identifying experts of the field under study. Cunningham, Weathington & Pittenger, (2013), gives an example of when a researcher is studying about women’s in a particular ethnic group using a traditional medicine when expectant. The researcher has to come up with a means of contacting or introducing one or two women in this group win their trust. Then, these few women will give several referrals or introduce the researcher to other women, who will in turn provide additional contacts. That way, the researcher manages to contact sufficient women. Also, this sampling method is relatively simple, more reliant on the skill of the individuals, and can also be a time-consuming process.

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