Case Study Analysis
Medical, environmental, and lifestyle factors can affect fertility. Environmental factors include exposure to chemicals or radiation. The effects can lower the sperm count. Lifestyle factors include tobacco smoking, drug and substance abuse, alcoholism, and stress (Vitale et al., 2017). Lifestyle factors undermine the sperm production process. Medical factors include disorders such as tumors and varicocele. Infections such as HIV and gonorrhea can cause infertility (Vitale et al., 2017). Hormone imbalances and genetic disorders can affect fertility. Other factors include inguinal surgeries and chemotherapy processes.
STD can cause inflammatory outcomes in the upper and lower genital tract. It can cause inflammation on other body parts, including joints (Mwatelah et al., 2019). PID causes inflammatory processes in the female reproductive process. Inflammatory markers are essential in testing inflammation (Mwatelah et al., 2019). WBC and ESR count levels can lead to inflammation.
Prostatitis is a medical condition that affects the prostate leading to painful groin and pain passing urine. The condition occurs when the urinary tract bacteria enter the prostrate (Zaidi et al., 2018). It can occur as a result of infection from sexually transmitted organisms. The systemic reaction occurs due to sepsis (Zaidi et al., 2018). Other causes of systemic reaction are deep mycoses, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Patients with ITP need splenectomy to ensure enough platelets are circulating in the blood. ITP is an immune disorder that destroys platelets since it considers them foreign bodies (Kwiatkowska et al., 2019). The spleen is responsible for removing the destroyed platelets. Splenectomy helps ITP patients to ensure they have sufficient platelets circulating in the body (Kwiatkowska et al., 2019). Platelets count increases by 30-100 percent after splenectomy.
Anemia is a medical condition comprising insufficient red blood cells to supply oxygen to the body. There are three types of anemia, including microcytic, normocytic, and macrocytic anemia (Wang, 2016). Macrocytic leads to large red blood cells that cannot sufficiently transport enough blood cells. Microcytic anemia comprises red blood cells that are smaller than normal (Wang, 2016). Normocytic characterizes normal-size red blood cells, but they are small in number.
References
Kwiatkowska, A., Radkowiak, D., Wysocki, M., Torbicz, G., Gajewska, N., Lasek, A., … & Pędziwiatr, M. (2019). Prognostic factors for immune thrombocytopenic purpura remission after laparoscopic splenectomy: a Cohort study. Medicina, 55(4), 112.
Mwatelah, R., McKinnon, L. R., Baxter, C., Abdool Karim, Q., & Abdool Karim, S. S. (2019). Mechanisms of sexually transmitted infection‐induced inflammation in women: implications for HIV risk. Journal of the International AIDS Society, 22, e25346.
Vitale, S. G., La Rosa, V. L., Petrosino, B., Rodolico, A., Mineo, L., & Laganà, A. S. (2017). The impact of lifestyle, diet, and psychological stress on female fertility. Oman Medical Journal, 32(5), 443.
Wang, M. (2016). Iron deficiency and other types of anemia in infants and children. American Family Physician, 93(4), 270-278.
Zaidi, N., Thomas, D., & Chughtai, B. (2018). Management of chronic prostatitis (CP). Current Urology Reports, 19(11), 88.
